Neo-classical chord theory is about the same as classical chord theory, but it uses progressive instruments such as the electric guitar, bass, drums, etc. Check out progressive arrangements of old classical songs for example. Someone (forgot who at the moment) redid Beethoven's 5th with distorted guitars, and it sounds awesome! I've heard some of Bach's two part inventions, Paganini's caprices, and other songs, even Flight of the Bumblebee played on guitars.

If you need to learn chord theory in general, take the theory lessons on this site and look up chord progressions on other sites. Mainly in a minor key, the most prominent feature is the use of harmonic minor to achieve a V - i cadence. You can use the circle of fifths as well to create tension. Here's an easy progression which can be neoclassical sounding if you play it right... Am, E, G, D, F, Esus4, E. Played with correct voice leading, you have a chromatically descending bass line that sounds pretty classical...