there are formulas to these scales .. ex. major scale consists of: whole, whole, half, a whole to divide another set of whole, whole, half, in the key of C you would have: C D E F G A B C, from C to D is a whole step (or two frets not counting the one u r on)from D to E is another whole step, however from E to F is only a half step (or one fret), from F to G is a whole step (the whole step to divide the second set of w,w,h) from G to A is a whole step, from A to B is a whole set and from B to C is a half. So your major formula in any key is ex.in C:
C D E F G A B C
W,W,H,W,W,W,H .. Never change the formula!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8(or better known as ocatave)

now prove it by picking up your guitar and trying it out and always listen closely to the sounds you hear for future reference .. (Start on the 3rd fret 5th string and go all the way up the neck to play the C scale (using formula) on one string.)

A power chord is a man made word consisting of a root and fifth. the triad chord consists of 3 notes: 1(root or key) 3rd (color) and 5th. without the third there is no minor or major. The 3rd is what determines whether it is minor or major. ex. C E G = C major, C Eb G = C minor.

by using the number system if u take 1 3 5 in any key u have your chord ex. 1 3 5 = C E G, if u use 1 4 5 you have your chord progression ex. 1 4 5 = C F G these are called your primary chords ...

a chromatic scale consists of 13 notes from the root to the ocatave ex. C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B C you always end with what u start with.

have i confused you enuff?? *laffs*