hmmm...well It would take me forever to answer your questions and I would have to show you pictures probably so you could get a basic idea
The rule I use for free stroke and rest stroke is that I use free stroke for chords, arpeggios and fast scales...anything else I use rest stroke so it has a better sound...rest stroke for playing the slower scales
I would suggest a book called "Mastering the Classical Guitar" very good book and explain almost EVERYTHING that there is to know..its a hardback book too