to be able to do that you can follow a course on eartraining but it is not easy. What that does is at first learns you to recognize intervals, harmonically and melodically; this means 2 notes played together and in arpeggio style, then triads in the same way, then inversions and so on until you get to the most complicated chords played on a piano with the notes short together or spread over the entire keybord. If you can finish a course like that ( takes about 2 years of dailly practice ) then if someone tells you the key of a song or musical piece you will be able to transcribe it without any instrument at hand, only your ears. Very good tool if you want to be a composer ( but gets boring after a few months to learn this ) but else there are plenty of transcriptions on the net and I would advice you to get a program called Guitar Pro to download and see the tabs and even right them yourself and play them with real sounds, not midi sounds.

Herman