As promised, here is the first of several things I promised to share with you.
This is a chart that I made that I think "shows" you in a visual way much of the key concepts in music theory.
I tried to keep the explanation to a minimum so you could look at the chart and try to understand it visually. Please post any questions you have.
I encourage you to make a chart like this for the other keys. The hands-on process of actually making the chart will really help you understand this.
I would love to hear your feedback on this. I hope it helps :-)