oh man... you've opened up the endless cable debate question again.

Basically, the answer is yes and no.
If the rest of your equipment is top notch and you have discerning ears that can actually hear differences between things like consumer level audio products and 'audiophile' products, then yes, you will notice a difference.
Most noticeably in recording where it's not so much the sound itself, but the lack of noise produced by cheap cables picking up random RF signals bouncing around. It's the quality of the shielding and the plugs that make the difference

It's also the quality control that goes into the cables themselves.

The cheap ones are usually made in some third world country using cheap materials and slave labour. They cut corners as much as possible to make extra money by doing things like using less solder, thinner wires, cheaply made plugs, cables with little or no shielding and little to no quality control.

Hi-end cables are manufactured using the best materials by a company that specializes in what they're selling. There's usually extra shielding, more precise winding using better equipment manufactured in a proper factory that isn't cutting corners to make extra money. They've also probably put a lot of research into their product to try and make it the best on the market and have strict quality control measures.
Hence the reason for the higher price.