You are absolutely right. That post was very confusing.

Ok why the C is missing - This book is for guitar that you're using right? Wheen looking at chords for guitar, the root is actually one of the least important notes of a chord. It's very weird but I'll elaborate -

When you think about guitar, you usually play it in a band, and you have a bass player. The bass almost always has the root of the chord when he or she is playing. So a lot of guitar players figure - what's the point of repeating the root? The bass has already got it... So now I (as a guitarist) get to bring out all the other notes of the chord!

Also you said that was an inversion. Some inversions, like in some piano chord books, don't include the roots. Usually you can still use the chord in the exact same way, because you have a bass player playing the root.

NEXT - I am sort of confused about what you meant about the 3rd is minor. But I'll try to answer. If you say a chord's root, and nothing else, then you automatically assume it is major. Like a "C chord" is automatically C major. This is true for intervals to. If you say the third in that - it means major 3rd. A major 3rd is 4 half steps from the root. You have 3 half steps - this means it's got to be a minor 3rd. Intervals can't be "nothing." They are either minor, major, augmented, perfect or diminished. It's sort of confusing at first. Eventually you'll be able to grasp the concept.

Later!